Finance Minister highlighted financial inclusion achievements under present government. PMJDY opened about 30 crore bank accounts, with dormant accounts below 20%. Aadhar legislation expected to withstand constitutional challenges. Demonetisation contributed to digital payment growth and financial formalization. Policy shifted from banking exclusion to universal access, leveraging technology and direct benefit transfers. Jan Dhan-Aadhar-Mobile trinity became foundation for inclusive growth, reducing cash dependency and expanding formal financial services reach.

The present government repositioned financial inclusion from a peripheral concern to central economic policy. PMJDY's 30 crore accounts represent the world's largest financial inclusion program, creating banking access for previously excluded populations. The low dormant rate (under 20%) indicates sustained usage, validating the account-opening strategy. Aadhar's constitutional validity remains crucial as it underpins DBT mechanisms worth lakhs of crores annually. Demonetisation, while disruptive, accelerated digital payments and brought informal transactions into the formal economy. The JAM trinity (Jan Dhan-Aadhar-Mobile) enables targeted subsidy delivery, reduces leakages, and creates financial identity for beneficiaries. This infrastructure supports schemes like PM-KISAN, MGNREGA payments, and LPG subsidies. Financial inclusion now extends beyond banking to insurance, pensions, and credit through mudra loans. The policy shift addresses India's historical banking exclusion where millions lacked basic accounts, creating barriers to government benefit access and economic participation. Success metrics include account operationalization, transaction volumes, and integration with welfare delivery systems.